Antidiabetic effects of galactomannans from Adenanthera pavonina L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Objective:To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of galactomannans extracted from Adenanthera pavonina's L. seeds (GAP) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice.Methods:The preliminary galactomannan yield from Adenanthera pavonina L. plant and extraction products composition were evaluated. Various chemical characterization methods like thin layer chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,Results:The isolated and extracted galactomannan from Adenanthera pavonina was confirmed by various chemical characterization methods. GAP exhibited a 1.46:1 mannose: galactose ratio, and high molar weight. Both GAP enriched food decreased glycaemia, total cholesterol and triacylglycerol. GAP didn't interfere on food intakes or body weight, although it increased water intake. Furthermore, the relative liver weight indicated toxic galactomannan effects on the histopathological changes of the pancreas in STZ induced diabetes.Conclusions:It is concluded that GAP is a natural product that contains potent galactomannan and is useful in preventing and treating diabetes.

Antidiabetic effects of galactomannans from Adenanthera pavonina L. in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice

Objective: To evaluate the antidiabetic effect of galactomannans extracted from Adenanthera pavonina's L. seeds (GAP) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. Methods: The preliminary galactomannan yield from Adenanthera pavonina L. plant and extraction products composition were evaluated. Various chemical characterization methods like thin layer chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,

Attenuating effect of seeds of Adenanthera pavonina aqueous extract in neuropathic pain in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: an evidence of neuroprotective effects

The aim of present study was to investigate the attenuating effects of Adenanthera pavonina L., Leguminosae-Mimosaceae seeds aqueous extract (APSAE), in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic neuropathy in rats. APSAE (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg per day) was given to diabetic rats for twelve weeks. Cold and hot water tail immersion tests, photoactometer and Rota-rod tests were performed to assess degree of colder, thermal, spontaneous motor activity and motor co-ordination changes respectively at different time intervals i.e., week 0, 4, 8 and 12. Tissue superoxide anion and total calcium levels were determined after twelve weeks to assess biochemical alterations. Histopathological evaluations of sciatic nerve were also performed to assess nerve damage. APSAE treatment increased tail flick latency significantly in diabetic rats. APSAE also reduced superoxide anion and total calcium levels. These results suggested that APSAE has attenuated development of diabetic neuropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats when compared with pregabalin (10 mg/kg, p.o.) and could be beneficial in preventing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Armazenamento de sementes de carolina em diferentes temperaturas e embalagens / Storage of carolina seeds in different temperature and packing

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi determinar a embalagem e a temperatura adequadas para o armazenamento de sementes de carolina. As sementes foram armazenadas em sacos de papel e de plástico, mantidas em 0±2; 10±2; 20±2°C e 60 5 por cento de umidade relativa do ar (UR) e em temperatura ambiente (23,4±3,3°C) e 68,7±9 por centoUR. O teor de água, a germinação e o vigor foram determinados trimestralmente. Durante o armazenamento, o teor de água das sementes foi de aproximadamente 8,9 por cento. A embalagem saco de plástico e a temperatura de 0°C são adequadas para o armazenamento das sementes de carolina.

The objective of the present research was to determine the more adequated packing and temperature for storage of "carolina" seeds. The seeds were stored in paper and plastic packings and kept in 0±2; 10±2; 20±2°C and 60 5 percent air relative humidity (ARH) and in ambient temperature (23,4±3,3°C) and 68,7±9 percent ARH. Quarterly, the water seed content, germinative test and seed vigour were avaluated. During storage, the seed water content was approximately 8.9 percent. The plastic packing (plastic bag) and tempertature of 0oC are adequated for storage of "carolina" seeds.

Anti-inflammatory activity of Adenanthera pavonina L., Fabaceae, in experimental animals / Atividade anti-inflamatória de Adenanthera pavonina L., Fabaceae, em animais experimentais

Adenanthera pavonina L, Fabaceae alt. Leguminosae, Bengali name 'rakta kombol', is an Indian medicinal plant. It is endemic to Southern China and India, and widely naturalized in Malaysia, Western and Eastern Africa as well as in most islands of both the Pacific and Caribbean regions. This plant has been used in traditional medicine for the treatment of asthma, boil, diarrhoea, gout, inflammations, rheumatism, tumour and ulcers, and as a tonic. The dried and ground bark of A. pavonina L. was extracted, successively, with petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH), and the resulting extracts were assessed in vivo for anti-inflammatory activity on carrageenan-induced rat hind paw oedema as a model of inflammation. The extracts were administered orally at the doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, and statistically significant (p<0.001) anti-inflammatory effects were observed in a dose dependant manner. The MeOH extract (400 mg/kg) showed 37.10 percent (p<0.01) inhibition of inflammation at the first hour of the study and, the DCM extract (400 mg/kg) exhibited 33.11 percent (p<0.001) inhibition of inflammation at the third hour of the study which was comparable with that of reference standard drug dichlofenac sodium. The results of this study supported some of the traditional medicinal uses of this plant.

Adenanthera pavonina L, Fabaceae, conhecida na região de Bengala por "rakta kombol", é uma planta medicinal endêmica do sul da China e da Índia e amplamente difundida na Malásia, África Ocidental e Oriental, bem como na maioria das ilhas de ambas as regiões do Pacífico e Caribe. Esta planta tem sido utilizada na medicina tradicional para o tratamento da asma, febre, diarréia, gota, inflamações, reumatismo tumor, úlceras, e como tônico. Cascas secas e moídas de A. pavonina foi submetida a extração sucessiva com éter de petróleo (PE), diclorometano (DCM), acetato de etila (AcOEt) e metanol (MeOH), e os extratos foram avaliados in vivo para atividade anti-inflamatória induzida por carragenina tendo como ensaio modelo de inflamação edema de pata em ratos.. Os extratos foram administrados por via oral em doses de 200 e 400 mg/kg de peso corporal, e foram observadas efeitos anti-inflamatórios de maneira dose-dependente, estatisticamente significativos (p<0,001). O extrato metanólico (400 mg/kg) apresentou 37,10 por cento (p<0,01) de inibição da inflamação na primeira hora do estudo e, o extrato DCM (400 mg/kg) apresentou 33,11 por cento (p<0,001) na inibição da inflamação na terceira hora do estudo, que foi comparável ao resultado da substância de referência diclofenato de sódio. Os resultados deste estudo confirmaram alguns dos usos tradicionais desta planta medicinal.

Tratamentos para quebra de dormência, temperaturas e substratos na germinação de Adenanthera pavonina L. / Treatments for breaking dormancy, temperatures and substrata on Adenanthera pavonina L. germination

Desenvolveu-se, esse trabalho, com o objetivo de avaliar tratamentos pré-germinativos para quebra de dormência bem como a temperatura e substratos ideais para a germinação de sementes de Adenanthera pavonina L.. No primeiro experimento as sementes foram tratadas com ácido sulfúrico durante 10 e 20´ (H2SO4), ácido sulfúrico 20´ + imersão por 24 horas em ácido giberélico (GA) 100mg.L-1; acetona por 20´ e testemunha. A incubação foi realizada em temperatura alternada de 20/30°C, e temperaturas fixas de 25°C e 30°C. No segundo experimento, as sementes foram tratadas com ácido sulfúrico 15´ e a semeadura nos substratos sobre papel, rolo de papel e entre areia, nas temperaturas de 18ºC, 20/30ºC, 25ºC e 30ºC. Observaram-se maiores valores de germinação nas sementes tratadas com H2SO4 por 10´ (83 por cento), não havendo diferença significativa entre as temperaturas, em ambos os experimentos. Com relação ao substrato foi observado que as sementes germinaram melhor nos substratos sobre papel e em rolo de papel (média de 86 por cento). Entretanto, no segundo experimento, o IVG foi maior a 18°C (1,22) e no substrato sobre papel (1,33), não variando significativamente da temperatura alternada 20/30°C. A maior porcentagem de germinação na primeira contagem variou de 30 por cento (18º C) a 13 por cento (30º C), sendo maior em rolo de papel (43 por cento). O número de dias para alcançar 50 por cento de germinação variou de 3,33 a 13 dias nos tratamentos com H2SO4. Não foi observada diferença significativa no peso seco das plântulas (1,08g), submetidas a diferentes temperaturas e substratos.

This work was carried out with the objective of evaluating pre-germinative treatments for breaking the dormancy as well as the ideal temperature and substrata the germination of Adenanthera pavonina L.. In the first experiment, seeds were treated with sulfuric acid during 10 and 20 minutes; 20 minutes in sulfuric acid + immersion for 24 hours in GA 100mg.L-1; acetone for 20 minutes and control. Incubation was done in alternate temperature of 20/30°C, and in fixed temperatures of 25°C and 30°C. In the second experiment, seeds were treated with sulfuric acid for 15 minutes and sowing was mode on paper, roll of paper and among sand as substrata, in temperature of 18°C, 20/30°C and 30°C. One observed that the high germination value in the seed which were treated with sulfuric acid for 10 minutes showed the best germination (83 percent), and there was not significative difference among temperatures for both experiments. Regarding to substratum it, was observed that seeds have the better germination on paper and on roll of paper (average of 86 percent). However, germination velocity index was higher at 18°C (1.22) and on paper (1.33) for the second experiment, which did not varied significantly from alternated temperature of 20/30°C. The highest percentage of germination of the first counting varied from 30 percent (18°C) to 13 percent(30°C), which were higher on roll of paper (43 percent). The number of days to reach 50 percent of germination varied from 3.33 to 13 days for treatments with H2SO4. It was not observed significative difference on dried weight of seedlings (1.08g) submitted to differents temperatures and substratum.